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(No Model.) 7 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. RICHARDSON. MACHINE FOR SOLIDIFYING CONCRETE MIXTURES.

No. 461,889. Patented 001g. 27, 1891.

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G. RICHARDSON. MACHINE FOR SOLIDIFYING CONCRETE MIXTURES.

No. 461,889. Patented 00t.27,1891.

0., PHUTO-LIVNDW man (No Model.) 5 Sheets'Sheet 3.

G. RICHARDSON. MACHINE FOR SULIDIFYING CONCRETE MIXTURES.

No. 461,889. Patented 0013.27, 1891..

Win/added. I v [Wfifi i (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. RICHARDSON.

MAGHINE FOR SOLIDIPYING CONCRETE MIXTURES. No. 461,889. Patented Oct. 27, 1891.

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(No Model.) -5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

G. RICHARDSON. MACHINE FOR SOLIDIPYING CONCRETE MIXTURES,

No. 461,889. Patented Oct. 27,1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

GEORGE RICHARDSON, OF \VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

MACHINE FOR SOLIDIFYING CONCRETE MIXTURES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 461,889, dated October 27, 1891.

Application filed October 16, 1889. Serial No. 327,155. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE RICHARDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Solidifying Concrete Mixtures; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for solidifying and compacting concrete mixtures in the manufacture of paving blocks, building-stone, drain-pipes, and electrical conduits, and for any other purposes for which concrete formations may be used.

The object of my invention is to form a' solid concrete article by driving out of the mixture any superfluous water and air spaces contained therein while the same is in the mold; and to this end my invention consists in a machine for subjecting the mold and contents to a jolting and jarring action; also to a mold especially adapted for said purposes; also to means for removing the block from the mold after the material has solidified, and also in minor details of construction and combination of parts, to be hereinafter more fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

In order that my invention may be more clearly understood, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings a machine which I am using with practical success, and in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved machine, the sides of the shaking table being broken away to show the molds thereon, one of which is an electrical-conduitpipe mold, another a sewer-pipe mold, and the other apaving-block mold. Fig. 2 isa top plan view of the same, showing a pavingblock mold thereon, a pan for catching the drippings, part of the shaking table being broken away to show the device for removing blocks from the mold. Fig.3 is a vertical cross-section on the line acre of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a side elevation of so much of the machine as will" suffice to illustrate the operation of the jarring or shaking mechanism, the yoke inclosing the cams being shown in section. Fig. 5 is an end view of partof the stationary bed and shaking table, showing the guides for preventing the lateral motion of the table. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the supportingblocks for the shaking table. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail perspectives of the upper and lower bearing-plates forthesupporting-blocks. Fig. 9 is a perspective of the lifter for removing the blocks from the mold. Figs. 10 and 11 are perspective views of a section of electrical conduit and drain pipe, respectively. Figs. 12 and 13 represent, respectively, plan and side elevation of a mold for molding blocks. Fig. let is a vertical cross-section of a pavingblock mold, showing the removable bottom and a block therein. Figs. 15 and 16 are bottom, plan, and section, respectively, of a removableliningforapaving-block mold. Figs. 17 and 18 are top, plan, and section, respectively, of a cover fora paving-block mold. Fig.

19 is a perspective View of a clamp for clamp-' ing the cover tothe mold. Fig. 20 is a perspective of another form of fastening for the mold-cover. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of anoth er form of device-for removing the block from the mold. Figs. 22, 23, and 2e are plan, side view, and section, respectively, of a modified form of block-mold. Fig. 25 is a perspective of the bottom plate of a pipe-mold. Fig. 26 is a vertical section of a pipe-mold, showing the manner of removing the core therefrom.

The same letters and numerals of reference indicate identical parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, A represents the frame or bed of the machine; B, the shaking table upon which the molds C are mounted; D, the

mechanism for reciprocating the table, and

E the lifter for removing the blocks from the the top of the side pieces A and at suitable, distances apart are bolted or otherwise secured bearing-plates at, having an upwardlyprojecting rim or flange ct, forming a depres- ICO sion a as shown in Fig. 8, in which loosely rests a supporting-block B for supporting posed of two side bars B connected to' gether by cross-bars B on top of which is a floor B upon which rests the molds O, and on the floor of the table are parallel side bars B extending lengthwise of the machine, between which the molds C are firmly held.

The floor B is partly cut away directly'beneath the openings in the molds to form a sl'id-ewayor depression for the reception of a flat pan 1), which is slid in place from one side of the machine, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, for the purpose of catching the drippings from the molds.

Located beneath the center of each mold is a litter E, which is pivotally connected to the inner end of one arm of a lever E, which in turn is pivoted in bearings secured to the inner under edge of the side bars B of the shaking bed, so that the outer arm thereof will bear against the under side of the side bar 13 and thereby limit the downward movement of the inner end thereof. The lifter E is composed of a plate 6, having a central downwardly-projecting arm e, to which the lever E" is connected, and on its upper side the plate 6 is provided with four upwardlyprojecting pins or projections e the upper ends of which enter apertures e in the floor of the shaking table below the drip-pans b, so as to press against the under side of the removable bottom of the mold when the drippans are withdrawn to remove the bottom plate and block from the mold after the block has sufficiently solidified to retain its shape.

On the bed or frame A of the machine, at one end thereof, are mount-ed standards F F carrying journal-bearings f, in which the driving-shaft f is journaled, and the shaft "is provided with the usual driving and idler pulleys D and D To one end of the shaking table B is pivotally connected a pitman-rod d, carrying at its outer end a yokeorlink D, provided with elongated openings d in its side, through which the shaft f passes, and mounted on pins (1 in the yoke D are rollers d on opposite sides of the shaft f, which are struck by a cam (1 secured to the shaft f within the yoke or link D. I have shown the cam (Z as a triple-acting cam, whereby the table is moved forward and backward three times on each revolution of the shaft f; but, if preferred, the cam may be provided with any number of cam-surfaces, and said cams may be of equal or unequal throw, as desired.

In order to prevent side movement of the table B, I provide said table at one or both ends with guides G, which consist of a plate 9, bolted to the cross-tie bars A of the bed, and on this plate 9 are mounted guide-rollers g, and to the cross-tie bar B on the shaking table is bolted a T-plate 9 the projecting rib g of which reciprocates between the rollers g.

The molds which I have shown for molding paving-blocks consist of a frame 0', open at top and bottom and having an internal rib or flange 0 at its bottom, upon which the removable bottom plate 0 rests, and at the bottom is an external flange 0 At the top of the mold is a rabbet c for the reception of a corresponding offset 0 on the cover-plate C and at the sides are ribs 0 which enter recesses or notches b in the side bars B for preventing'the longitudinal motion of the molds on the table B. ThecoverC is provided with perforations c and a f u-n nel-shaped mouth 0 the purpose of which will be set forth hereinafter. To the side bars B of the shaking table B, opposite the molds, are bolted angleplates H, provided on their upper side with sliding bolts h, as shown in Fig. 19, the end of which bolts are beveled on the under side to overlap the cover of the mold and clamp the same to the mold. While I have shown and described this construction of mold-cover and latch as my preferred construction, Imay provide the cover with slotted lugs, as shown in dotted lines in Figs. 17 and 18, and secure the same to the mold by means of a pivoted screw threaded bolt I and lever-nut 2', secured to the side bars B of the table B.

WVhile I have shown the mold 0 provided with an internal rim or flange c, I may in some cases do away with said flange and provide the movable bottom 0 with short legs to rest directly on the floor of the shaking table.

In cases Where it is desired to mold blocks of two or more grades of material I provide the mold with a removable lining J, also open at top and bottom, the thickness of which increases from bottom to top and terminatesat the top in an inturned flange j, the inner face of said lining having dovetailed or other shaped projections j thereon.

In Figs. 22, '23, and 24: I have shown a modified form of block-mold, which differs from the mold above described in that I provide the mold with a permanent bottom 0 provided with openings 0 forthe arms or upright e of the lifter E, and on the permanent bottom c I place a removable bottom'plate 0 having short projections or legs 0 on its under side. I

The device shown in Fig. 21 for removing the blocks from the mold consists of a block L of the same dimensions as the interior of the mold, mounted on any desirable base of about the width of the block. In removing able bottom a and molded block will be forced from the mold, when the bottom plate and block can be easily removed from the block L and set aside to dry.

The operation of myinvention is as follows: Supposing that it is desired to mold pavingblocks, the molds are placed on the table so that the rib 0 will engage with the notches b in the side bars B is then placed in the mold and the cover 0 firmly clamped thereon by the slide-bolts h, the drip-pans having been slid in position beneath the molds, when the machine is started. On the rotation of the driving-shaft the cam projection 1, striking against the right-hand roller d forces the table to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 4. The supporting-block B, being tilted to the rightleg b, slightly raises the table. The cam 2 next strikes against the left-hand roller (1 and forces the table in the opposite direction to the position shown in dotted lines, tilting the supporting-block on the left leg and again raising the table, and

so on,the table receiving three horizontal and six vertical reciprocations during each rotation of the driving-shaft. Itwill thus be seen that the constant jarring of the block B in tilting from one leg to the other causes a thorough mingling of the contents of the mold and drives out the superfluous water and air spaces through the perforations c in the cover of the mold, the funnel-shaped mouth being filled with a supply of the mixture, which gradually enters the mold as the contents are compacted, a portion of the water escaping into the drip-pan b. After the contents of the mold have been subjected to the jarring motion a sufficientlength of time to thoroughly solidify the same the drip-pan b and moldcover C are removed, and the lifter E is elevated by pressing down on the outer arm of the lever E, which removes the block and the bottom plate 0' from the mold. In case it is desired to mold blocks of two or more grades of material, I first place in the mold the lining shown in Figs. 15 and 16 and till the space therein with one grade of material, when the lining is removed, and the space formed thereby is filled with another grade of themixture, after which I proceed as above described.

In molding sewer and conduit pipes I proceed as above described, except that I employ a form of mold substantially like that shown in Figs. 25 and 26, in which K is a base-plate secured to the shaking table in the same manner as a block-mold and provided with a central opening K, adapted to receive the core M. M is a partible mold detachably secured to the base-plate K, and N is a screw for removing the core from the mold after a pipe has been molded. At the endof the screw is swiveled a block m, having abayonet-joint therein for engaging a cross-bar m in the hollow cor The screw N is threaded in a frame N ,which rests on a removable fiat ring m on the top of the mold; On turning.

The concrete mixture the screw I the core will be withdrawn from the mold or pipe sufficiently to allow it to be taken out by hand.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the stationary bed, of A-supports loosely mounted thereon, a movable table mounted on said supports, and a rotary shaft having a cam thereon for reciprocating said table, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination, with the stationary bed, of a vertically and horizontally reciprocating table mounted on said bed, a rotary shaft having a cam thereon, a yoke supported on said shaft and carrying friction-rollers on which the cam operates, and a connecting-rod between said reciprocating table and yoke, sub- 8 5 stantially as and for the purposes described.

The combination, with the stationary bed, of A -shaped supports loosely mounted in seats on the bed, a vertically and horizontally reciprocating table mounted on said supports, longitudinal guides for said reciprocating table, and means for reciprocating said table, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. The combination, with the stationarybed, of a shaking mold-table mounted thereon and provided with drip-pans below the mold, and

means-for shaking said moldtable, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. The combination, with the stationary bed, of a shaking table, a mold mounted on said table and having a removable bottom,a lifter located below said mold for removing the article from said mold, and means for shaking said table, substantially as and for the pur- 1o 5 poses described.

6. The combination, with the stationary bed, of a shaking table mounted on said bed, notched side bars secured to the floor of said table, a mold having ribs on its sides adapted 1 W0 to enter the notches in said side bars, an-

n'ieans for shaking said table, substantial y as and for the purposes described.

7. In a machine for solidifying concr P mixtures, the combination, with the shef 5 table, of a mold or molds mounted t2 'Q and having a removable cover provid; d perforations, and means for sec l cover to the mold, substantially and he purposes described.

8. In a machine for soli' y ete mixtures, the combination with a Shaking table, of a mold or mold" mounted 011 aid table and having a remr cover, locking devices secured to sai fl T cover to'the molds m b bottom for said mold, and a." f} secured t Said table for igfilpx mg the article from the mold, substan" 5 a5 and for the P p ses described.

.9. In alnachlne fol sohdlfylng' Concrete J'lll18Cl"' mlxtmg b moldo nbination, with a shaking table; b1 1 01,molds mounted thereon, rem v' e np'pans pted to slide in ways table for locking the l 5 10. In a mold for solidifying concrete articles, the combination, With a mold having an internal flange at the bottom, of a removable bottom adapted to rest on said flange, a removable perforated cover, and means for securing the cover to the mold, substantially as and for the purposes described 11. In a mold for solidifying concrete articles, the combination, with a mold having an internal flange at the bottom, of a removable bottom adapted to rest on said flange,'a removable perforated cover having a funnelshaped mouth, and means for securing the cover to the moldasnbstantially as and for the purposes described.

12. In a machine for solidifying concrete mixtures, the combination, with a shaking table, of a mold and a removable lining tors-aid mold having alternate ribs and grooves 011 its inner side, substantially as and for the purposes described.

13. In a .machine for solidifying concrete mixtures, the combination, with a shaking table, of a mold and a removable cover for said mold, said cover having a supply-opening, substantially as and for the purposes described.

14. The combination, with the stationary bed and shaking table, of plates secured to said bed and table and having depressions in their adjacent faces, and an interposed A- shaped block loosely seated in said depressions, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

E. T. WALKER, F. W. RITTER, Jr. 

